AVS2001 Session OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM: Self Assembled Monolayers/Ordered Films
Wednesday, October 31, 2001 8:20 AM in Room 131
Wednesday Morning
Time Period WeM Sessions | Abstract Timeline | Topic OF Sessions | Time Periods | Topics | AVS2001 Schedule
| Start | Invited? | Item |
|---|---|---|
| 8:20 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-1 Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Scale Mixed Self-Assembled Monolayers
S. Chen, L. Li, C. Boozer, S. Jiang (University of Washington) Fabrication of nano-scale structures by mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) has recently attracted much attention due to its scientific importance and potential applications to chemical and biological sensors, and biocompatible materials. However, it is still difficult to prepare nano-scale mixed SAMs since phase segregation occurs when two components are quite different. Recently, we proposed a new kinetically-trapped method to prepare nano-scale uniform mixed SAMs. In this work, we prepared various mixed SAMs, such as dodecanethiol(C12)/octanethiol(C8), tetradecanethiol (C14)/C8, 11-mercaptoundecanol(C11OH)/C8, and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid(C10COOH)/C8 at a range of compositions using the kinetically-trapped method. Our results by low-current scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) revealed homogenous mixed SAMs with various terminal groups and a solution composition up to 25% of long chains formed at higher solution temperatures. Possible mechanism for forming uniform mixed SAMs will be discussed. |
|
| 8:40 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-2 The Role of Linker Molecules in the Controlled Adsorption of Polystyrene (PS) Nano Particles
M. Himmelhaus (Universität Heidelberg, Germany); H. Takei (Hitachi Central Research Laboratory, Japan) Controlled adsorption of PS nano particles onto specific regions of flat surfaces has found increasing interest as potential applications for surface-adsorbed PS particles, such as fabrication of quantum dots, optical switches, mesoscopic lasers, biosensors, as well as dosing of biomolecules, require an easily applicable adsorption scheme capable of addressing macroscopic areas. Among the various techniques those utilizing linker molecules to promote particle-particle as well as particle-surface interaction have only recently been applied as to date the role of the linker molecules in the various physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms is only poorly understood. We have studied the effect of several water-soluble linker molecules on the adsorption behavior and packing density of surfactant-free polystyrene latex spheres from suspension. By variation of several parameters, such as molarity of the linker molecules, pH of the suspension, as well as choosing differently functionalized PS particles we can distinguish several adsorption mechanisms from each other, reaching from purely physical ones to covalent bonding. This basic study is a first step to the fabrication of 2D crystalline monolayers of macroscopic lateral extension by means of chemically driven self-assembly. |
|
| 9:00 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-3 Characterization of Biphenyl-substituted Alkanethiol Self-assembled Monolayers by High-resolution X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
K. Heister, H.-T. Rong, M. Buck (University Heidelberg, Germany); L.S.O. Johansson (University Karlstad, Sweden); M. Zharnikov, M. Grunze (University Heidelberg, Germany) Synchrotron-based high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied to characterize self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of biphenyl-substituted alkanethiols CH3(C6H4)2(CH2)nSH (BPn, n = 1-4) on Au and Ag substrates. Beyond previously identified odd-even changes in the packing density and the tilt angle of the biphenyl moieties, the high resolution spectra reveal a number of additional odd-even effects upon variation of the number of methylene groups in the aliphatic part in the BPn molecule. Their occurrence and mutual correlation suggests that a BPn SAM represents a strongly correlated, highly ordered molecular assembly. In particular, periodical changes of a shake-up feature in the C 1s region are observed, which are related to the differences in the arrangement of the aromatic matrix. The width and binding energy of the S 2p signals also exhibit odd-even changes. The width changes are associated with the occupation of either equivalent or non-equivalent adsorption sites on the polycrystalline (111) Au and Ag substrates. The comparison of the width values with those for conventional alkanethiols implies that the substrate bonding of alkanethiols on gold cannot be described by a single adsorption site. At the same time, the FWHM of the S 2p3/2,1/2 peaks in the loosely packed BPn/Au (~0.50 eV) was found to be the smallest one among all thiol-derived SAMs investigated by HRXPS until present. Therefore, this value can be associated with the occupation of equivalent adsorption sites on the Au(111) surface. This work has been supported by the German BMBF (05 SF8VHA 1 and 05 SL8VHA 2), DAAD (313/S-PPP), and DFG (Bu820/11-2). |
|
| 9:20 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-4 Separation via Self-assembly of Enantiomers of Chiral Aromatic Hydrocarbons Adsorbed on Metal Surfaces
K.-H. Ernst, Y. Kuster, R. Fasel (EMPA Duebendorf, Switzerland) We studied the interaction of heptahelicene ([7]H), a helically shaped, polyaromatic phenanthrene derivative, with well-defined single-crystal metal surfaces under ultra high vacuum (UHV) conditions. The molecules, racemate as well as the pure enantiomers, were deposited via molecular beam technique and subsequently characterized with surface sensitive techniques like temperature programmed desorption (TPD), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), time-of flight secondary mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS), and X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD). On Ni(111), the [7]H-molecule is adsorbed intactly at room temperature. TPD, however, shows only desorption of molecular [7]H from the multilayers. The first layer undergoes decomposition into carbon and hydrogen at 650 K. From Cu(111), molecular desorption is also observed at low coverages. The closed packed monolayers of [7]H on Ni(111) and Cu(111) show two-dimensional lattice structures. Adsorption of racemic [7]H leads to self-alignment into domaines on the surface, which are mirror images of each other. This is not observed after exposure to pure enantiomers and can be explained with a lateral separation of the enantiomers into homochiral domaines on the surface. For the pure M-enantiomer on the stepped Cu(332) surface, an azimuthal alignment of the molecular spirals is observed. Models for the monolayer structures and the mechanism of the separation will be discussed. Support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (NFP 36) is gratefully acknowledged. |
|
| 9:40 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-5 Mesoscopic Correlation of Supramolecular Chirality in One-Dimensional Hydrogen-Bonded Assemblies
J.V. Barth (Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland); J. Weckesser (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Germany); A. De Vita (Institut Romand de Recherche Numerique en Physique des Materiaux, Switzerland); C. Cai (University of Houston); K. Kern (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Germany) We studied enantioselective self-assembly in two dimensions employing the molecule 4-[trans-2-(pyrid-4-yl-vinyl)] benzoic acid. Scanning tunneling microscopy observations at noble metal surfaces reveal the formation of hydrogen-bonded supramolecular twin chains in two mirror-symmetric species, each containing only molecules of a given chirality. The twin chains are ordered in µmm-gratings, where a mesoscopic correlation of supramolecular chirality over the entire domain size without intimate molecular contact persists. This novel phenomenon reflects mesoscopic chiral segregation due to chiral recognition in the formation of the supramolecular assemblies. Theoretical modelling in conjunction with direct observations indicate that twin chains act as enantioselective templates for transient molecular attachment, which process mediates self-replication of supramolecular chirality and the enantiopure gratings' evolution. |
|
| 10:00 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-6 Controlling Molecular Orientation in Solid Films Via Self-organization in the Liquid-crystalline Phase
I.K. Iverson, S.-W. Tam-Chang, S.M. Casey (University of Nevada, Reno); B.A. Pindzola (University of California, Berkeley) We report the control of molecular orientation in solid films through self-organization and induced-orientation processes. We synthesized water-soluble cationic 3,4,9,10-perylene diimide (1) and studied its self-organization in aqueous solution. By UV-vis spectroscopy, H-aggregates of 1 are observed forming in solutions with concentrations as low as 10-7 M. At concentrations above approximately 0.1 M (7% w/w) these solutions are observed with polarized microscopy to form a chromonic N phase (a nematic lyotropic liquid crystalline phase) at room temperature. Upon induced alignment (by shearing) of the chromonic N phase on a glass substrate and removal of solvent, anisotropic solid films of the dichroic dye are produced. These films have dichroic ratio values that routinely exceed 25 and in some cases 30, making them excellent sheet polarizers over the blue and green region. Using a combination of polarized UV-vis and FT-IR spectroscopies, the orientation of the average molecular plane in these films is determined to be perpendicular to both the shearing direction and the substrate plane. X-ray diffraction studies indicate that the molecules in the solid film possess a high degree of order. |
|
| 10:40 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-8 Effect of Lipid Vesicle Fusion on the Ordering and Redox Activity of 11-(ferrocenyl carbonyloxy) Undecanethiols Self-assembled Monolayers
A.T.A. Jenkins, J.F. Le Meur (University of Bath, U.K.) Self-assembled Monolayers (SAMs) of 11-(ferrocenyl carbonyloxy) undecanethiol were made following a procedure given by Chidsey et 1 The formation of the 11-(ferrocenyl carbonyloxy) undecanethiol SAM on gold was followed in-situ by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)and showed a film of thickness 13 Å was formed. Impedance measurements indicated a high level of film coverage. Cyclic voltammetry was subsequently used to electrochemically characterise the SAM, and check its stabilty with respect to immersion in electrolyte. Egg-Phosphatidylcholine lipid vesicles were created by extrusion through a 50 nm membrane and were adsorbed on the SAM. SPR was used to follow the lipid adsorption on the SAM. Cyclic voltammetry measurements on the SAM-lipid system showed a large and reproducible increase in the peak anodic and cathodic currents after lipid adsorption, although the total quantity of charge transfered stayed the same. This is likely to be due to an increase in order of the ferrocene units in the SAM, allowing for a faster transfer of electrons on the lipid covered SAM than the SAM alone. The above experiments were repeated with binary mixtures of SAMs containing both 11-(ferrocenyl carbonyloxy) undecanethiol and mercaptoundecanol moities. It was found that the increase in anodic and cathodic current maximums measuresed by cylic voltammetery was disproportionately lower than the single component SAM (relative to the coverage). From this we propose a model for how the SAM structure changes upon lipid adsorption. |
|
| 11:00 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-9 Temperature-dependent Morphology of Crystalline p-sexiphenyl Thin Films on KCl(001)
E.J. Kintzel, Jr. (Florida State University); D.-M. Smilgies (Cornell University); J.G. Skofronick, S.A. Safron (Florida State University) Investigations of the morphology of ultrathin films of p-sexiphenyl (p-6P) vapor deposited onto KCl(001) have been carried out using the complementary techniques of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). XRD studies have shown that the molecular orientation of the p-6P is dependent on the substrate temperature during deposition. For films prepared at low temperatures, the p-6P molecules take a lying orientation, with the long axis of the molecule aligned parallel to the substrate. As the substrate temperature was increased during deposition, XRD results indicate two coexisting molecular orientations, corresponding to lying and standing p-6P molecules. AFM images provide independent confirming evidence of the influence of substrate temperature on molecular orientation, consistent with the XRD results. |
|
| 11:40 AM |
OF+NS+SS+BI-WeM-11 Characterization of Photoisomerization Reaction of Azobenzene-contanining SAMs: Reaction Kinetics and Thermal Stability
K. Tamada (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and Frontier Research System, RIKEN, Japan); H. Akiyama, T. Wei (AIST, Japan) We studied the change of photoreactivity of azobenzene disulfide SAMs under thermal stress. Azobenzene-containing unsymmetrical disulfide (C6AzSSC12) SAM was annealed at each temperature (70, 85, 100, 120, 140°C) for 1 hr, then the photoreaction was monitored with surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) in hexane. The photoreaction was stable under 100°C when no decomposition of adsorbed molecules was detected, while it was suddenly reduced at over 100°C when the decomposition was taking place. After annealing at 140°C, the reactivity of the unsymmetrical disulfide SAM reached to the level of the corresponding azobenzenethiol SAMs (single component), suggesting the phase segregation of the adsorbed molecules by annealing. We designed new azobenzene thiol/disulfides (C6Az(Me)thiol, C6Az(Me)SSC12) to achieve more thermally stable photoresponse. In these molecules, CH3-group is introduced to the azobenzene ring directly to avoid dye aggregation sterically. The C6Az(Me)thiol SAM exhibited much higher photoreactivity than conventional azobenzenethiol, which suggests that dye functions are less aggregated even in the single component SAMs. The C6Az(Me)SSC12 exhibited much higher photoresponse compared with C6AzSSC12 after annealing, since these azo dyes can react even in phase segregated domains. We also discuss photoisomerization reaction kinetics (cis to trans, trans to cis) in correlation with dye alignment. |